Consejos para la compensación de potencia reactiva

Cuando la carga de la red eléctrica es inductiva, como motores eléctricos, máquinas de soldar, etc., la corriente de la red eléctrica va por detrás del voltaje en un ángulo. Cuando la carga es capacitiva, como en el estado de sobrecompensación, la corriente de la red eléctrica adelanta el voltaje en un ángulo. El adelanto o retraso del factor de potencia se refiere a la relación de fase entre la corriente y el voltaje. El controlador del dispositivo de compensación detecta la cantidad física del sistema de suministro de energía para determinar la conmutación de los capacitores, que puede ser factor de potencia o corriente reactiva o potencia reactiva.
Below is an example of power factor type. When this physical quantity meets the requirements, such as cos Φ leading and>0.98, lagging and>0.95, dentro de este rango el controlador no envía ninguna señal de control, y no salen las baterías de condensadores que se han puesto en funcionamiento, ni tampoco las que no se han puesto en funcionamiento. Cuando cos Φ no cumple con los requisitos, como cos Φ retrasado y<0.95, a set of capacitors will be put into operation, and if cos Φ still does not meet the requirements, the controller will delay for a period of time (the delay time can be set), and then another set of capacitors will be put into operation until all capacitors are put into operation. When a leading signal such as cos Φ<0.98 is detected, indicating a capacitive load, the controller will cut off the capacitor banks one by one. The principle to follow is that the first capacitor bank to be put into operation must be cut off before being cut off. If the delay time is set to 300s and this compensation device has ten capacitor banks, then the total input time is 5 minutes, and the same goes for cutting off. During this period, reactive power loss compensation can only be gradually implemented. If the delay time is set very short or not set, this situation may occur. When the controller detects cos Φ<0.95, it quickly turns on the capacitor banks one by one. During the input period, the power grid may already be a capacitive load, which is overcompensated. The controller then controls the capacitor banks to be cut off one by one, repeating the cycle and causing oscillation, leading to system collapse. Whether oscillation can be formed is closely related to the nature of the load, so this parameter needs to be adjusted according to the on-site situation, and the compensation effect should be considered while ensuring system safety.